Evaluation of Epicardial Fat Thickness in Young Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source

Abstract

Objectives:Epicardial adipose tissue is metabolically active and is an important predictor of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue measurement in young patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS).Materials and Methods:We studied 77 volunteers, including 40 patients with ESUS (mean age 438y, 16 female patients) and 37 healthy subjects (mean age 387y, 20 female subjects). All necessary biochemical parameters were analyzed, and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) was measured by echocardiography in all subjects. Additional related diagnostic work-up was conducted in each patient, according to the patients' clinical presentation.Results:The patients with ESUS had a significantly higher EFT than the control group (5.51 +/- 0.82 vs. 3.96 +/- 0.51; P<0.01). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between EFT and serum C-reactive protein levels (r=0.284; P<0.05). As an optimal cut-off point, a high-risk EFT value of 4.6mm was determined to predict ESUS, with an 87.5% sensitivity and an 81.1% specificity.Conclusion:We found that echocardiographic EFT was significantly higher in young patients with ESUS than in healthy individuals. Increased EFT might be a novel risk factor in these patients