IL-10, IL-13, IL-17 and CXCL8, CXCL10: Their relationship with the development and prognosis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic high blood sugar disorder that can be classified into two groups: type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The equilibrium between cytokines and chemokines is important for the development and prognosis of the disease. This study aimed to examine the contribution of pro-inflammatory (IL-17, CXCL8, CXCL10) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-13) factors to the development and prognosis of T1D and T2D. Material and Methods: Cytokine and chemokine levels were evaluated in serum samples of patients with T1D and T2D, and healthy controls. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the history of the disease, as 1-5 years and 5-10 years. HbA1C levels were assessed by HPLC. Concentrations of IL-17, CXCL-8, CXCL-10 and IL-10, IL-13 were analyzed using LUMINEX.Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in the HbA1c levels of all patients versus controls. CXCL8 was increased in patients with T1D compared with the controls. There was a significant difference in IL-13 levels between patients with T1D or T2D over five years and controls. For IL-10 and CXCL-10, there was a significant difference between T1D for more than 5 years and T1D for 5 years or less.Discussion: Cytokines and chemokines are belonging to the immune system, but it is now known that they may also affect non-immune mechanisms. As a result, it is advantageous to take these factors almost equally into account in the diagnosis and treatment of T1D and T2D.